PEDAGOGY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Preface

This book is based on NCTE two year B.Ed curriculum framework, to bring a paradigm shift from conventional teacher centric to learner centric constructivistic approach and intends to prepare teachers as a reflective practitioner.

This book, volume II, is the continuation of volume I (I to V units) under the title “Pedagogy of Biological Sciences” Volume-II has 5 units. The Sixth unit deals with the school curriculum in biological sciences which includes history of development of curriculum framework, trends in science curriculum to, teacher as a curriculum developer. Unit seven elaborates on approaches and strategies for learning biological sciences, this unit deals with scenario from 1950-1980 to constructivist approach. It also includes 5E learning model, different approaches to learning. Eight unit throws light on community resources and laboratory as learning resources and also deals with handling hurdles in utilization of resources. Unit nine gives insight on planning for teaching- learning of biological sciences. This unit explains about planning, organizing and implementation of lesson plans and planning of ICT applications in teaching-learning process. Finally, the tenth unit explains about tools and techniques of assessment for learning in biological sciences. This unit speaks about CCE and different types of assessment methods. It also includes assessment of learning of students with special needs.

Exercises given at the end of each unit will provide an opportunity for students to share their views and experiences, trigger their minds to think divergently and reflect upon their teaching learning process of Biological Sciences.

We wish to thank the editor of this book Prof. D. Rajendra Prasad, Former Director, SDLCE, Department of Education, Kakatiya University, Warangal, for meticulous observations made in bringing this book with appropriateness.

We are immensely grateful to Mr. Suresh Chandra Sharma, Managing Director, Neelkamal Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi